2025

From patches to WSIs: A systematic review of deep Multiple Instance Learning in computational pathology

From patches to WSIs: A systematic review of deep Multiple Instance Learning in computational pathology

Computational pathology systems based on whole-slide images are often bottlenecked by the need for costly fine-grained annotations. This review surveys how multiple instance learning reduces that dependence by learning from coarse supervision while aggregating information from large-scale WSIs. It synthesizes recent advances, organizes the rapidly growing literature, and highlights the technical trends shaping modern MIL research in pathology.

Recommended citation: Zhang Y1, Gao Z1, He K, et al. From patches to WSIs: A systematic review of deep Multiple Instance Learning in computational pathology[J]. Information Fusion, 2025: 103027.
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